Luxembourg Takes Hybrid Technology to New Levels
Luxembourg’s pioneering work with sustainable transport solutions has enabled innovative connected services to be trialled on hybrid buses in real urban environments. This in turn has helped Volvo Buses develop its new Volvo S-Charge, self-charging electric bus.
Boulevard Royal runs through the city of Luxembourg’s busy business district. Electric, hybrid and diesel buses in all kinds of colours and sizes are crowded in alongside cars, construction cranes, pedestrians and the occasional electric scooter.
After passing the European Investment Bank in central Luxembourg, bus 16 switches from hybrid to electric mode.
© AB Volvo
One of the many bus routes passing through here is line 16, which operates between the airport and the commune of Bertrange. When a black and green Volvo full-hybrid bus turns onto Boulevard Royal, it automatically switches from hybrid to electric mode. It then continues to drive silently and emission free all the way down to Pont Adolphe, the bridge that leads across the valley.
The black and green bus, which is operated by Sales-Lentz, is one of 15 Volvo connected hybrids in Luxembourg that have successfully prototyped a new application area for Volvo Zone Management, aiming to extend the electric drive range.
“Thanks to these successful tests using Zone Management in an even wider scope, Volvo Buses has been able to develop the new Volvo S-Charge with the electric drive extension.”
Through Volvo’s system for geofencing, Zone Management, the connected hybrids in Luxembourg are programmed to automatically switch into electric mode in pre-defined areas such as bus stops, main boulevards and residential areas.
However, the bus will only switch to electric mode if there is enough energy in the battery. Therefore, before the zones were set up, Marcin Seredynski and his colleagues did a thorough energy analysis of the route to determine the areas that were most suitable for electric drive. Not all routes can equally benefit from the new solution — it all depends on the operating conditions. Generally, a more diverse route topography and higher average speed allows the solution to bring more benefits.
“No actions are needed from the driver. The areas are controlled via an off-board system that periodically connects to the buses. The zone properties, such as location and activity time, can be modified dynamically.
“For example, route 16 is quite diverse when it comes to both operating speeds and topography. Outside the city centre the bus can drive relatively fast – up to 70 km/h – and the route also has some hilly segments. That allows the full-hybrid system to recover significant amounts of energy, thus have longer segments with high-speed electric drive.”
Conventional hybrids use electric mode when leaving stops. By using the advantages offered by geofencing technology, the same bus can now drive in electric mode for up to a kilometre and at speeds of up to 50 km/h. On its way from the airport, the Volvo connected hybrids drive in electric mode when passing all major bus stops and when in the city centre.
“In general, the Volvo connected hybrid can be viewed as a part-time electric bus as it typically spends between 25 and 50 per cent of the operating time in silent and emission-free electric mode. The application of the connected technologies brings it even closer to an electric bus by optimising the energy use to the specific route and consequently increasing the electric distance driven by the hybrid, typically by up to two or three times.”
With only 122,000 inhabitants, the city of Luxembourg is one of Europe’s smallest capitals. At the same time, every day almost 200,000 people commute from neighbouring Belgium, France and Germany. Since most people go by car, the city has problems with traffic jams in rush hour. Good public transport is a high priority for the country’s politicians and in recent years Luxembourg has made major investments in trains, trams and buses.
With a fleet of 620 buses, Sales-Lentz is one of Luxembourg’s largest bus operators. The company has always been at the forefront of new technologies and it was the first to implement Volvo electric buses in Europe.
“As an operator we do everything we can to reduce our C02 footprint and we are always eager to try new solutions that can help Luxembourg become a more attractive place for its citizens.”
In close collaboration with E-Bus Competence Center, Sales-Lentz so far has used the new connected solution to optimise the performance of their hybrid buses on three different bus lines. Sales-Lentz has also been able to reduce diesel consumption by four per cent, in addition to the savings already achieved by switching from diesel to Volvo full-hybrids.
“We are very satisfied with the results. In certain cases, we were able to double the distance the bus is driving in electric mode. This means that the ecological footprint is reduced. Other benefits are better working environments for drivers, less noise and higher comfort for citizens in residential and urban areas.”
Sales-Lentz’ bus fleet currently consists of 97 Volvo buses and almost half of them are hybrids. Georges Hilbert thinks that hybrid technology will have an important role to play in the transition towards zero emissions.
“The transition to fully electric public transport is a gradual process, and for the next few years, fleet renewals will also include other types of buses. From the environmental and societal perspective, connected full-hybrid buses are the best solution after electric buses as they combine many of the benefits of electrification with operational flexibility.”
